Saturday, September 21, 2013

History of China

China, one of the countries that can boast of an ancient civilization, has a long and mysterious history - almost 5,000 years of it! Like most other great civilizations of the world, China can trace her culture back to a blend of small original tribes which have expanded till they became the great country we have today.
It is recorded that Yuanmou man is the oldest hominoid in China and the oldest dynasty is Xia Dynasty. From the long history of China, there emerge many eminent people that have contributed a lot to the development of the whole country and to the enrichment of her history. Among them, there are emperors like Li Shimin (emperor Taizong of the Tang), philosophers like Confucius, great patriotic poets like Qu Yuan and so on.
Chinese society has progressed through five major stages - Primitive Society, Slave Society, Feudal Society, Semi-feudal and Semi-colonial Society, and Socialist Society. The rise and fall of the great dynasties forms a thread that runs through Chinese history, almost from the beginning. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China on October 1st, 1949, China has become a socialist society and become stronger and stronger.
China History Map
 Chinese History Chronology
Dynasty
Period
Founder
Capital
 Prehistoric Times1.7 million years ago - the 21st century BCrecorded leaders include Yellow Emperor, Yao, Shun...around the Yellow River and Yangtze River in central China
 Xia21st - 17th century BCYu the Great
Anyi ( in Yuncheng, Shanxi); Yangcheng (in todays's Dengfeng, Zhengzhou, Henan); Yangdi (in todays's Yuzhou, Henan); Zhenxun (in Luoyang, Henan)
 Shang17th century BC - 1046 BCTangBo (in Shangqiu, Henan); Yin (in Anyang, Henan)
 Zhou1046 - 256 BC
Western Zhou1046 BC - 771 BCKing Wu (Ji Fa)Fengjing and Haojing (in today's Xian, Shaanxi)
Eastern Zhou770 - 256 BCKing Ping (Ji Yijiu)Luoyi (today's Luoyang)
 --- Spring and Autumn Period770 - 476 BC
 --- Warring States Period475 - 221 BC
 Qin221 - 207 BCQin Shi Huang
(Ying Zheng / Zhao Zheng)		Xianyang (in today's Xianyang and Xian of Shaanxi)
 Han202 BC - 220 ADLiu Bang
Western Han 202 BC - 9 ADLiu BangChang'an (today's Xian)
Xin Dynasty 9 - 23 ADWang MangChang'an (today's Xian)
Eastern Han 25 - 220 ADLiu XiuLuoyang
 Three Kingdoms Period220 - 280 AD
Kingdom of Wei220 - 265 ADCao PiLuoyang
Kingdom of Shu221 - 263 ADLiu BeiChengdu
Kingdom of Wu222 - 280 ADSun QuanJianye (today's Nanjing, Jiangsu)
 Jin265 - 420 ADSima Yan
Western Jin265 - 316 ADSima YanLuoyang
Eastern Jin317 - 420 ADSima RuiJiankang (Nanjing, Jiangsu)
Five Hus and Sixteen States304 - 439 AD
 Southern and Northern Dynasties420 - 589 AD
Southern Dynasties420 - 589 AD
 --- Song420 - 479Liu YuJiankang (today's Nanjing)
 --- Qi479 - 502Xiao DaochengJiankang (Nanjing)
 --- Liang502 - 557Xiao YanJiankang (Nanjing)
 --- Chen557 - 589Chen BaxianJiankang (Nanjing)
Northern Dynasties386 - 581 AD
 --- Northern Wei386 - 534Tuoba GuiPingcheng (today's Datong, Shanxi); Luoyang
 --- Eastern Wei534 - 550Yuan Shanjian (actually controlled by Gao Huan)Yecheng (in Linzhang, Handan, Hebei)
 --- Western Wei535 - 557Yuan Baoju (actually controlled by Yuwen Tai)Chang'an (today's Xian)
 --- Northern Qi550 - 577Gao YangYecheng (in Linzhang, Handan, Hebei)
 --- Northern Zhou557 - 581Yuwen JueChang'an (today's Xian)
 Sui581 - 618 ADYang JianDaxing (in today's Xian, Shaanxi); Luoyang
 Tang618 - 907 ADLi YuanChang'an (today's Xian); Luoyang
 Five Dynasties and Ten States907 - 960 ADBianliang (Kaifeng, Henan); Luoyang
 --- Later Liang907 - 923 ADZhu Wen (Zhu Quanzhong / Zhu Huang)Bianliang (Kaifeng)
 --- Later Tang923 - 936 ADLi CunxuLuoyang
 --- Later Jin936 - 946 ADShi JingtangBianliang (Kaifeng)
 --- Later Han947 - 950 ADLiu ZhiyuanBianliang (Kaifeng)
 --- Later Zhou951 - 960 ADGuo WeiBianliang (Kaifeng)
Ten States902 - 979 AD
 Song960 - 1279 ADZhao Kuangyin
Northern Song960 - 1127 ADZhao KuangyinBianjing (Kaifeng)
Southern Song1127 - 1279 ADZhao GouNanjing (today's Shangqiu, Henan); Lin'an (Hangzhou)
 Liao907 --- 1125 ADYelü AbaojiShangjing (Baarin Left Banner, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia)
Western Xia Dynasty1038 - 1227 ADLi YuanhaoXingqing (today's Yinchuan, Ningxia)
 Jin1115 - 1234 ADWan-yen A-ku-ta (Wanyan Aguda / Wanyan Min)Huining (Harbin, Heilongjiang); Zhongdu (today's Beijing); Bianjing (Kaifeng)
 Yuan1271 - 1368 ADKublai KhanDadu (today's Beijing)
 Ming1368 - 1644 ADZhu YuanzhangYingtian (today's Nanjing, Jiangsu); Shuntian (today's Beijing)
 Qing1644 - 1911 ADAisin Gioro Nurhachi / Hong Taiji / Fulin (Emeror Shunzhi)Beijing






Posted by at

No comments:

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)